Gabon - The main agricultural sectors

To diversify its economy, Gabon has decided to revive its agriculture, developing part of its 5.2 million hectares of arable land that is still under-exploited in order to produce locally more than 501,300 tons of its food consumption by 2025.

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Crude palm oil production was up by 1,201 metric tons at the end of September 2021. As part of the diversification of the Gabonese economy in recent years, significant agricultural investments have been made, particularly in the palm oil sector. By 2023, Gabon aims to be the leading exporter of crude palm oil in sub-Saharan Africa. Gabon plans to increase its production from 3,200 metric tons.
of palm oil produced in 2013 to 425,000 tonnes produced in 2025. (Source: FAOSTAT) Gabon wants to revitalize its coffee sector. A small player in coffee production, with 109 tonnes produced in 2019 and 99 tonnes in 2020, Gabon is not lacking in ambition and plans, within five years, to join the top 20 African producers.
Technical, scientific, and commercial cooperation with Vietnam is expected to revitalize the coffee sector in Gabon. Through the Transformation Acceleration Plan (PAT), the General Directorate of Caistab, under the supervision of the Ministry of Economy and Recovery and the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries, and Food, has undertaken to revive the coffee sector in Gabon. In accordance with its National Land Use Plan (PNAT), the Gabonese government has allocated 10,000 hectares to coffee cultivation. The land will be selected based on its proximity to key infrastructure (roads or railways, drinking water and electricity networks, etc.), essential for its efficient operation. Gabon has also established a partnership with Vietnam, the world's second-largest coffee producer and the leading producer of Robusta. The government also intends to revitalize the cocoa sector.

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Cocoa, or "brown gold," supports approximately 3,000 farmers. Between 1970 and 2015, the country's cocoa production, weakened by fluctuating world prices and lacking support from successive governments, plummeted by almost a factor of 120, from over 6,000 tons to just 53 tons. In 2020, it rebounded to 109 tons before falling back to 53 tons this year due to health measures implemented to combat Covid-19. The country aims for a production of 250 tons by 2022, and 3,000 tons within five years. The Directorate General of Stabilization and Equalization Funds in Gabon (DGCSP), better known as Caistab, has become the government's operational arm for the cocoa and coffee sector. Since its launch three years ago, the Jecca project has facilitated the planting of 409 hectares of cocoa trees. The goal is to plant 1,000 hectares of cocoa trees by 2025 to prevent the rural exodus of 1,000 young people. Despite the contrasts of 2021, national production of wet natural rubber increased by 4.61 metric tons, reaching 18,379 tons, following the ramp-up of Olam's plantations. At the same time, the volume of processed rubber decreased by 251 metric tons to 5,496 tons, due to problems encountered by the Siat company during the first half of the year.

From a commercial standpoint, the 32.41 T/T drop in exports led to a 2.61 T/T decrease in revenue, resulting in a year-on-year decline of 7.2 billion CFA francs. The 32.41 T/T contraction in processed rubber exports generated a decrease in...
Turnover reached 2.61 million TEUs, representing an annual increase of 7.2 billion CFA francs. Regarding employment, the workforce decreased from 13.31 million TEUs to 855 employees, with a total payroll of 2.7 billion CFA francs. The economic and social impact of the harvesting and processing of tropical products – pineapple, coconut, mango, avocado, cashew, and moringa – must be amplified through long-term investments. The main food crops are primarily cassava and plantains. Most of the food production is consumed by the farm itself.
In terms of production, 8,751 hectares of land in Haut-Ogooué were allocated in 2020 by the Gabonese government to the African Sugar Company of Gabon (Sucaf) for sugarcane cultivation. While the new exchange rate regulations in the CEMAC zone have disrupted sugar imports into Gabon, the local industry is still struggling to meet the population's needs. This situation represents
an opportunity for the country to work towards its goals of sugar self-sufficiency.