Gabon - Agriculture: Towards responsible investment

With the ambition of becoming self-sufficient, Gabon is multiplying measures in favor of the agricultural sector, while promoting ecological and modern practices.

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The implementation of the Territorial Food Project (PAT), based on 34 projects corresponding to 12 strategic areas, requires 3 trillion CFA francs over five years. The government plans to use this funding between 2019 and 2023 because, despite having fertile soils, Gabon imports food products from Cameroon, Congo, South Africa, Brazil, and France. As a result, Gabon's agricultural sector is dependent on imports to the tune of over 601,000 tons, or approximately 800 billion CFA francs (1.22 billion euros) per year. The Gabonese government is therefore seeking ways to reverse the country's dependence on agricultural imports.

Responsible investment in agriculture and food systems involves creating productive assets and developing capital, including physical and human capital, to contribute to achieving food security, nutritional security, and development. Gabonese authorities are working on import substitution strategies, which should enable the country to achieve food sovereignty and halve its food import bill by 2025, currently amounting to 550 billion CFA francs annually. Nearly two years after the creation of high-productivity agricultural zones in Gabon, 600 plots have already been allocated in five locations across the country. Through the Transformation Acceleration Plan (PAT), Gabon aims to achieve food sovereignty, notably through the establishment of five high-productivity zones (ZAPs) in Andem, Kango, Bifoun, Abanga, Mboulou, and Idemba. The areas of these secured and registered plots range from 1 to 1,000 hectares, for a total of 75,000 hectares. The government plans to develop the approximately 2 million hectares of arable land that remain unallocated in the country. It also seeks to optimize the multifunctional and environmentally responsible use of land to fully exploit the country's agricultural potential.

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The National Agricultural Transformation Plan (PNAT) aims to enable Gabon to meet more than half of its population's consumption needs. It is itself part of the Strategic Plan for an Emerging Gabon initiated by President Ali Bongo, and the Plan to Accelerate the Transformation of the Gabonese Economy. To support local agricultural production, the Gabonese government adopted, in June 2021, a draft law on agricultural policy, which provides for the creation of a National Chamber of Agriculture (CNA). Through this draft law, the government intends to require supermarkets and other agri-food companies to source their supplies from local agricultural producers. In line with the government's strategy to support national production by guaranteeing preferential market access for local products, this legislation establishes a framework requiring companies in the food sector to source at least 501,000 metric tons (TP3T) of their stocks of natural or processed agricultural products locally.

The creation of this National Chamber of Agriculture for agricultural guidance in Gabon comes at a time when the country is seeking to reduce its dependence on foreign food imports. Similarly, built on a 10,600 m² site, the Eboro dry port will house administrative buildings for the Gabonese Food Security Agency (Agasa), the Central Office for the Fight Against Drugs (OCLAD), the Ministry of Trade, and Customs. All these services, housed under one roof, will issue certificates that will allow... The goods will be able to enter the Gabonese Republic while guaranteeing the sanitary quality of imported and exported products. A weighbridge will allow for verification of the tonnage of goods and payment of applicable regulatory taxes. The dry port construction site will be completed in September 2022.

GABON DOUBLES ITS PALM OIL PRODUCTION

The crude palm oil sector consolidated its performance at the end of 2021. According to data from the Ministry of Economy, Gabon produced 107,336 tons of palm oil in 2021, representing an increase of 52.61 metric tons compared to 2020. For 2022, Gabon projects a production of 112,186 tons of palm oil, an increase compared to 2021, according to data from the Ministry of Economy. This projection is based on the accelerated development of new, high-productivity agricultural areas and the implementation of the Agricultural and Rural Development Project (PDAR-IFAD).