Cameroon - Waste management

The National Development Strategy (SND 30) places sanitation among the priorities for the country's development. Decentralized local authorities are responsible for the collection and treatment of household waste, the production of which is driven by population growth and urbanization.

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Cameroon produces 600,000 tons of plastic waste each year, which piles up in illegal dumps or pollutes waterways. Many local companies have decided to start collecting and recycling this non-biodegradable waste and are now finding numerous markets.

The Hygiène et Salubrité (Hysacam) company, the main operator in waste treatment, is responsible for cleaning up the various Cameroonian cities where it operates.

Other initiatives coexist. In Yaoundé, which is experiencing a population growth of 41.3 tons per year and has nearly 2 million inhabitants, Green Power Biotechnology, Cameroon's leading renewable energy and waste treatment company, uses a technique to produce biogas from household waste. 1,200 tons of household waste are generated daily.

By early 2023, 40 tons of waste per day will be processed in Mbouda. This marks the culmination of a three-year action plan, supported by Syctom. Construction of the waste treatment center in Mbouda began in September 2022, with commissioning scheduled for 2023. The facility will be capable of processing up to 14,000 tons of waste per year, or 40 tons per day. The waste will also be recovered after processing in sorting and composting units. Led by the Élans association, the project was launched in early 2020. Subsidies have already enabled site preparation, the consolidation of the waste management plan, the identification of 12 collection points, staff training, and land acquisition.

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Stema produces and sells eco-friendly charcoal. The production process is simple: household waste is collected, sorted, and dried. It is then carbonized in an oxygen-deprived environment. In September 2022, Stema Group opened a bilingual vocational training center dedicated to renewable energy professions.

In June 2022, the authorities signed an agreement with the French company Setec Énergie Environnement to conduct a feasibility study for infrastructure that will strengthen waste management systems in 27 cities. The study aims to identify and determine the size of these sorting facilities. It will last one year and will be funded to the tune of 382 million CFA francs (over 582,000 euros) by the French Ministry of the Economy.

Furthermore, the treatment of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) with the Weecam project is one of the keys to a more efficient recycling system.

Since January 1, 2022, a special excise duty of 1% (approximately 113% of the taxable value of all imported goods) has been applied in Cameroon to finance waste collection and treatment for the benefit of decentralized local authorities. This measure does not apply to goods entering Cameroon duty-free, in accordance with the provisions of the Customs Code of the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC).