Madagascar - Human Resources and Education System

Higher education and scientific research, a true driver of development, represent a major challenge for the government. A World Bank study from February 2020 highlights a skilled workforce as a key asset.

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Investing in higher education is vital for the future of Malagasy youth and the country's economic development. While still low, the number of young people graduating from upper secondary education is increasing rapidly, and the population aged 15 to 24 could reach 6 million by 2025, according to the World Bank.

The 2018-2022 Education Sector Plan was developed jointly by the teams of the three ministries: the Ministry of National Education (MEN), the Ministry of Employment, Technical Education and Vocational Training (MEETFP) and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MESupReS).

The short technical and vocational training provided by the Higher Institutes of Technology meet the needs of the labor market and deserves to be expanded. The first two Higher Institutes of Technology (IST) were created in 1992 in Antananarivo and Antsiranana, modeled on similar institutes in France and Canada.

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Madagascar's Emergence Plan (PEM) initiates a reform of higher education and scientific research through innovation. The supervising ministry addresses the reform of the bachelor's-master's-doctorate system in terms of the quality of training programs. Its aim is to ensure inclusive and equitable education and promote lifelong learning opportunities while also guaranteeing the employability of graduates.

E-governance will improve the management of higher education and scientific research, given that new technologies are available in all higher education institutions. Digitalization will impact administration, leading to greater transparency, the central information system, and the development of human resources. This e-governance expertise will be implemented in the Schools of Management and Technological Innovation (EMIT), the National School of Computer Science (ENI) in Fianarantsoa, the Higher Institutes of Technology in Antananarivo and Antsiranana, and the Higher Polytechnic School of Vontovorona.

The Malagasy population is characterized by its great diversity but shares a common language, Malagasy, which, along with French, constitutes one of the country's official languages. Madagascar therefore benefits from a French-language education system. Thus, from primary school onwards, Malagasy children are familiarized with the language of Molière and consequently have an excellent level of French, both spoken without the slightest accent and written.

Besides the advantages of lower labor costs, Madagascar stands out for the qualities of its workforce. Malagasy people are renowned for their eagerness to learn and their competence. They also possess an innate empathy.