Cameroon - The forest economy

With a forest area covering 22 million hectares representing 48% of the national territory, the forest-wood sector is a key sector of the economy, the 2nd largest contributor to GDP, with 60 billion FCFA per year in tax revenue.

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An increase of 1,141,000,000 cubic meters (TP3T) in the quantity of timber harvested from Cameroonian forest concessions is expected by 2030. These harvests are projected to reach 15 million cubic meters per year, compared to the current 7 million. This increase, representing more than 1,000,000 TP3T, should also lead to a doubling of the timber sector's contribution to GDP.

As a knock-on effect, the number of jobs in the timber sector, currently at 40,000, is expected to increase to at least 100,000, due in particular to the dynamism of local processing. Cameroon aims to increase the volume of logs processed in primary processing from the current 751,000 to 1,001,000,000 and to increase the level of activity in secondary and tertiary processing by 501,000.00.

It should be noted that in November 2022, representatives of the CEMAC governments postponed indefinitely the entry into force of the ban on log exports. This postponement was specifically requested by Cameroon.

Cameroon's second-generation computerized forest information management system (Sigif 2), funded by German Cooperation and the European Union (EU), could be improved for greater efficiency. Thanks to the implementation of Sigif 2, Cameroon is expected to see an increase in revenue from forestry taxes. Specifically, a projected increase of 25 to 301 TP3T in the logging tax is anticipated, due to the improved control of each forestry operator's actual taxable forest production and the inclusion of all timber supply sources.

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The Cameroonian government and the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) signed a memorandum of understanding on March 30, 2022, aimed at strengthening the integrated management of Cameroon's globally important forest landscapes in the Congo Basin (GEF7). Over the next six years, WWF will focus its efforts primarily in the south of the country, where vast tracts of forest are threatened by agribusiness projects. Funded by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) to the tune of 6.17 billion CFA francs (approximately 9.4 million euros), the GEF7 project also aims to guarantee the biological integrity of the forest landscapes in the southern region and to increase economic opportunities and livelihoods for local communities. The project targets the areas of Campo Ma'an-Rio Campo (CMRC), the Dja-Odzala-Minkebe Tri-National (TRIDOM) and the Sangha Tri-National (TNS), an interzone between Rio Campo and the TRIDOM landscape of Cameroon.

The country, thanks to its 22.5 million hectares of forests, has a storage capacity of 5,043 million tonnes of carbon, or 185 tonnes/hectare.

A rich diversity of flora and fauna

Over 900 bird species live in Cameroon. In Waza National Park, one of Cameroon's major protected areas, elephants, giraffes, hippos, cheetahs, buffalo, antelopes, and even lions roam freely. The protection of all species in the park pays particular attention to the most vulnerable: elephants, lions, giraffes, sabae pythons, crowned cranes, tortoises, Nile crocodiles, geese, and their illegal byproducts. This wildlife protection relies primarily on combating poaching and the trafficking of wild species and wildlife byproducts in the Far North region in general, and in Waza National Park in particular.

To see gorillas, you have to go to the Mengeme Sanctuary in the southeast of the country. Cameroon is home to some of the most venomous snake species in the world, such as the cobra, the Gaboon viper, and the green mamba.

Due to the diverse terrain—tropical rainforest, steppe, savannah—the landscape changes from region to region. In the savannah, amidst the smaller trees, the baobab reigns supreme. Its size and diameter do not detract from its incredible elegance.